Motobs



W. F. SCHMOELE. AIR O'OOLED CYLINDER ANO PIsTOIII CONSIIIUCIIOIIIOR HIOII HEAT EXPLOSION MOTORS.

APPLICATION FILED )A N. I0, 1914. 4

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W. F. SCHMOELE. AIII'COOLED CYLINDER AND PISTON CONSTRUCTION TOR IIIGH`IIEAT EXPLOSION MOTORS.

' APPLICATION FIL`ED JAN. I0. 1914.

1,315,686. v Patentdsept. 9,1919. i

W. F. SCHMOELE..

AIR COOLED CYLINDER AND PISTON CONSTRUCTION FOR HIGH'HvEAT EXPLOSION MOTORS.

APPLICATION HLED JAN-,10. |9l4.

PatentedSept. 9, 1919.

3 SHEETS*SHEET 3.

UNITED sTATns PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM FORD SCHMOELE, 0F ANTWERP, BELGIUM, ASSIGNOR T0 JULIA. MULLIEN'DERS, 0F ANTWERP, BELGIUM.

AIR-C-OOLED CYLINDER .AND PISTON CONSTRUCTION FOR HIGH-HEAT EXPLOSION- MOTORS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 9, 1919.

application filed January 10, 1914. Serial No. 811,329.

inder and Piston Construction for Highly Heat Explosion-Motors, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to produce, for air-cooled explosion motors, a construction of cylinder, piston and pistonguide tolerating heat enough to use,witho1lt smoke or sooting, such liquid fuels as cannot be volatihzed, nor remain volatihzed, under 250 degrees` centlgrade, and which do not explode under this temperature. Examples l of these are the petroleum oils such lamp 011 and heavier, also mazout and shale oils,

and sundry vegetable oils extracted fronr pitch and the like; as also mineral oils distilled from coal tar and the like. l

It is well known that ordinary air-cooled,

ribbed cylinders, without water cooling, do

not allow of a strong compression of` theirl charges because their lubricant, beingoverheated', would become too thin and be blown out or evaporated, if. indeed the cylinder escaped gripping. On the other hand those chilled by water cannot use as fuel the heavy oils of high volatilization temperature, be- Y cause these, during the aspiration would deosit as dew on the too cool walls; and this dew, being liquid, does not explode, but rather burns forming smoke and soot. My invention obviates the dilliculty by allowing the cylinder and piston to heat up to a point at which a dew of condensation cannot form, while at the same time preventing the high temperature from hurting these two organs.

Figure `l shows a section through the me dian line of the cylinder and contents, as

, seen from in front.

Fig. 2 a like section, but seen from the side. p

Fig. 3 is a cut n1 the line 3, l of Fig. l.

motor needs only ai r cooling by ribs.

and fan, and tolerates heat high enough to prevent fuel condensation, and without hurt to its lubrication, by reason oli its doublelength dividedcylinder, 'formed ol an4 up )en part A and a lower part 'll separated y a heat insulating Joint C. Its walls are vthey grow out from the cylinder body, so as simple, and have no metallic lining; its head is as goed a conductor of heat as possible, additional cooling surfaces beinr added in the shape of ears a a ribbed on oth sides. The mass of these ears is very thick where there tocondnct a great quantity of heat, and the mass lessens progressively in'thickness at each ribproportionally to the quan- Y tity of heat diverted at each rib or there conducted away.

The piston is made of a single tube of steel, and as thin as consistent with stren h, so as to oppose the least resistance to the tree 'passage of heat from its outside surface facing the explosions toits inside surface facing the Ventilating air current within. Besides this the connection between the pis'- ton head and the top of the pitman is made of great length so that but little heat can bel connected to the pitmans head, which must remain cool to preserve its full hard temper'.V For this purpose a long shaft K K is provided, preferably of Greek cross section, so as -to give great stiffness with but little metal; and this shaft is perforated with numerous holes both to reduce weight and to bar heat connection through the metal. 'lhe end of this shaft K K farthest from. the piston head is connected with a cylindrical sheath J J, preferably of bronzer or other metal not gripping with iron, and the sheath J J receives the slant thrusts of the pitman and communicates them to the inner face G G of, a guide mechanism G y hereafter described, and situated within the piston.

The guide, is composed of an inner eontinnous e \,flindrieal tube f/ surrounded by an outer tube (l concentric with it and leaving space between them wherein to canalize an air current. 'Ihese two concentric tubes g and (l are cast together in one piece with a partition wall /1y joining them at each side lH() degrees apart., thus forming two semicirculnr grooves l-l, through one of which near the bottom on one side the air current enters. thence rises to the very top of the guide. crossing which it descends through thc othcr groove. and passes out at the other side ucar the bottom. When the piston is down the inner surface ot' its head is Very near to the top of the guide, so that the vcrank box.

air r` rent sweeping across vfrom one groove to the "other comes into close contact with the hot metal of the piston head.

The inner tube g forms also a gliding race for the sheath J il on the shaft lil ii, and'y withstands the slant thrusts of the pitman. as aforesaid. Thus a single and continuous cylindrical surface g g, surrounding a like cylindrical sheath il l fitting snugly into it, forms anair-tight racc, which prevents the oily fog engendered in the crank box from iinding its way into the ventilating stream oi air continually sweeping through the piston and its 7(guide. The contact of such a fog with a piston head so hot as mine would, by the gasihcation of its globules, forni at once an opaque and malodorous'sinolre, which would be blown out into the atmosphere as a bluish-gray cloud.

riFhe lubrication of the piston is eii'ected in two places; namely on the central sheath J J and on the piston rings. Both of these are afar off from the hot head of `the piston, hence distance protects them from its heat. The shea-th J J is oiled ateach descent by the direct splash troni the cranlr box; but the rings cannot be so reached and are lubricated as follows. The ioor of the guide piece forms a shallow depression or pool iP lto hold oil M. Above the pool a tube leads to a cavity formed higher than the ldoor and, in the direction whither the pitrnan sirflashesl the oil in the crank box. The oil thus thrown up into the cavity flows down through a tube into the pool, whose depth is controlled by an overflow pipe N, threaded externally and opening downward into the The piston rings do not plunge into this pool; their lubrication thus would be excessive. rlChe lowest ring carries a number of points Q., preferably ltriangular insha pe with the apex downward, and these plunge into the oil at each descent, gathering each a small dropy just as much as will terasse stick to their aber.. 'ilhis dose being coritinually repeated is enough; more would' be top much'.

Having now particularly described andv ascertained the nature oi' my said invention, and 1n what manner the saine 1ste be performed, l declare that what l claini'i1 :y

l. ln anexplosion motor oi' 4the aincooled type, a cylinder formed' 1n two sections. pro.

vided with :tins7 and a hollow trunkhpiston reci rocatino therein haiti Cf sealino' ineens;y

ze v ze.:

only at its lower end, the upper section providing space for the combustion chamber and the upper portion of the pistonwhen .i at the top of its stroke, the lower section forming va raeeway lor the portion of the piston carrying the sealing means, a heat 'insulating joint between the sections, a hollow cylindrical piston rod rigidly secured within the piston, and having Ventilating apertures therethrough, a pitrnan connecte-d to said piston rod and a stationary cylin-v drical guide surrounding` the piston rod, haring passages therethrough which coperate with said Ventilating apertures to forinportion, a cylindrical guide in which the' piston recif'procatcs, forming anv oiletight joint between the interior oi the piston and the crank case7 the walls of said guide being hollowA and inclosing` two semi-annular passages cooperating with said Ventilating aper.

tures to 'forni a conduit for cooling iuid, substantially as set toi-th.

W llililAM lWOltD SClli/IELE. Witnesses Yl. Sei/nen,

M T v.anni rlnirssnns. 

